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Mucous Membrane Information

The mucous membranes (or mucosae; singular mucosa) are linings of mostly endodermal origin, covered in epithelium, which are involved in absorption and secretion. They line cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs. They are at several places continuous with skin: at the nostrils, the mouth, the lips, the eyelids, the ears, the genital area, and the anus. The sticky, thick fluid secreted by the mucous membranes and glands is termed mucus. The term mucous membrane refers to where they are found in the body and not every mucous membrane secretes mucus.

The glans penis (head of the penis) and glans clitoridis, along with the inside of the prepuce (foreskin) and the clitoral hood, are mucous membranes. The urethra is also a mucous membrane. The secreted mucus traps the pathogens in the body, preventing any further activities of diseases.

Contents

Components

Some examples of mucosa

Additional images

Wall of the ureter.

Section of mucous membrane of human stomach, near the cardiac orifice.

General structure of the gut wall showing the Mucosa.

See also

External links

Anatomy of torso, digestive system: Gastrointestinal tract, excluding mouth (TA A05.3-7, GA 11.1141)
Upper GI
Hypo- pharynx

Piriform sinus

spaces: Peripharyngeal space (Retropharyngeal space, Parapharyngeal space) · Retrovisceral space (Retropharyngeal space, Danger space) · Prevertebral space

Pterygomandibular raphe · Pharyngeal raphe · Buccopharyngeal fascia · Pharyngobasilar fascia

Pharyngeal muscles
Esophagus

UES · LES · Esophageal glands

Serosa / Adventitia · Muscular layer · Submucosa · Mucosa (Muscularis mucosa)
Stomach

by region: Greater curvature · Lesser curvature (Angular incisure) · Cardia · Body · Fundus · Pylorus (Pyloric antrum, Pyloric canal)

by layer: Serosa · Muscular layer (Pyloric sphincter) · Submucosa · Gastric mucosa (Muscularis mucosa, Gastric rugae, Gastric pits, Gastric gland/Cardiac glands/Fundic glands/Pyloric glands)
Lower GI
Intestine: small
Layers Serosa · Subserosa · Muscular layer · Circular folds · Submucosa · Mucosa (Muscularis mucosa, Peyer's patches, Intestinal villus, Intestinal gland)
Duodenum Suspensory muscle, Major duodenal papilla, Minor duodenal papilla, Duodenal cap • Duodenojejunal flexure • Brunner's glands
Jejunum no substructures
Ileum Terminal ileum • Ileocecal valve
Intestine: large
Layers Serosa · Subserosa · Muscular layer · Submucosa · Mucosa
Cecum Vermiform appendix
Colon ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon continuous (taenia coli, haustra, epiploic appendix)
Rectum Transverse folds of rectum • Rectal ampulla
Anal canal

Anal columns • Anal valves • Anal sinuses • Pectinate line

Sphincter ani internus muscle • Intersphincteric groove • Sphincter ani externus muscle

Anus

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Anatomy: urinary system (TA A08, GA 11.1215)
Abdomen
Kidneys
Layers Renal fascia • Renal capsule • Renal cortex (Renal column) • Renal medulla (Renal sinus, Renal pyramids, medullary interstitium) • Renal lobe • Cortical lobule • Medullary ray • Nephron
Intrarenal arteries (Renal artery) → Segmental arteries → Interlobar arteries → Arcuate arteries → Interlobular arteries → Afferent arterioles
Renal tubule Renal corpuscle (Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule) → Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle (Descending, Thin ascending, Thick ascending) → Distal convoluted tubule → Connecting tubule → Collecting ducts aka Duct of Belini → Renal papilla → Minor calyx → Major calyx → Renal pelvis
Intrarenal veins Efferent arterioles → Peritubular capillaries / Vasa recta → Arcuate vein → Interlobar veins → (Renal vein)
JGA Macula densa • Juxtaglomerular cells • Mesangium/Extraglomerular mesangial cell
Filtration Glomerular basement membrane • Podocyte • Filtration slits • Mesangium/Intraglomerular mesangial cell • Tubular fluid
Ureters Orifice of ureter • Adventitia • Muscular layer • Mucosa
Pelvis
Bladder Apex • Uvula • Neck • Median umbilical ligament • Muscular layer (Trigone • Detrusor) • Mucosa • Submucosa
Urethra Urethral sphincters (External sphincter muscle of male urethra, External sphincter muscle of female urethra, Internal sphincter muscle of urethra)

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Categories: Membrane biology |

 

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